Pitfalls of investing in a high PE stock.
Printed From: The Equity Desk
Category: Market Strategies
Forum Name: Equity Valuation Techniques
Forum Discription: While valuing equities no individual technique works. Mostly it is a combination of techniques. Discuss the various techniques in equity valuation ranging from PE to RoE to Market Cap
URL: http://www.theequitydesk.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=1337
Printed Date: 20/Apr/2025 at 5:39pm
Topic: Pitfalls of investing in a high PE stock.
Posted By: tarkeshwar
Subject: Pitfalls of investing in a high PE stock.
Date Posted: 07/Nov/2007 at 10:36am
Infy hitting 52-wk low may have a lesson for us i.e. not to buy expensive (high pe) companies. The tide may turn anytime and high pe stocks would be most to suffer. This may be a debatable statement to make and I may have to do deeper analysis but :) I wonder why expensive companies like Pantaloon, TV18 appear on the TED XI, when most TEDdies seem to have Buffett, Lynch and Graham as their inspirations. Do we have examples of these role models ever buying a stock with pe > 50?
Let me quote Lynch from "One Up.." p.170: "If you remember nothing else about p/e ratios, remember to avoid stocks with excessively high one. You'll save yourself a lot of grief and a lot of money if you do. With few exceptions, an extremely high p/e is a handicap to a stock... In 1972, McDonalds was the same great company it had always been but the stock was bid to p/e of 50. There was no way that McDonald's could live upto those expectations and the stock price fell..."
Is the answer the standard: "This time its different" ;) I welcome the debate.
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Replies:
Posted By: basant
Date Posted: 07/Nov/2007 at 10:59am
Absolutely agree but finding the right PE is an art that no one has excelled in. I had mentioned this in my essay titled http://www.theequitydesk.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=1267 - Sensex@2010 – Thoughts and Strategies that it is far easier to get carried away by the high PE companies.
In fact it was with this motive that I personally replaced media with private banks in my portfolio. I am not sure when the high PE stocks will crash but what I am sure is that someday sometime it would crash but whether that crash happens before we double our money or after that is something that can be answered only in time.
Coming to your argument on PRIL it does appear high PE but the price captures the value of all its upcoming bsuiensses whereas the earnings accrue only from its retailing forays.
On an asset adjusted basis the company is valiued at just 25 times Fy 09 earnings and that seems far more reasonable then taking a blanket view on things.
If we can wait for a few months we would have valuation benchmarks for all its several busiensses set out as the company should be listing its various subsidiaries.All these subsidiaries have diluted stakes to private equity players so the benchmarking is easy and would be validated post the IPOs.
PRIL has been at that PE for about 3 years now so it is realy tough to know when to call quits.
I repeat "A PE derating is the most painful thing in the world after a Doctor's injection"
------------- 'The Thoughtful Investor: A Journey to Financial Freedom Through Stock Market Investing' - A Book on Equity Investing especially for Indian Investors. Book your copy now: www.thethoughtfulinvestor.in
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Posted By: smartcat
Date Posted: 07/Nov/2007 at 11:31am
CAUSE and EFFECT. That's all. It has nothing to do with high or low PE.
Let's say a company is trading at a P/E of 20 - low PE by Indian standards. Because of certain factors (CAUSE), if the earnings growth outlook becomes blurry, there will be a flurry of selling (EFFECT) on this stock too - taking its P/E down to 15.
Examples - Some of the MNC pharma companies like Novartis/Pfizer were trading at P/E of 20 a couple of years back. Look at its P/E now.
Having said that, INFY/TCS hitting 52 week low has come as a big surprise to me. I have never seen these two stocks trade at P/Es of 20 ever!
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Posted By: tarkeshwar
Date Posted: 07/Nov/2007 at 11:45am
Thanks basantji for creating this new thread. Nice article Sensex@2010 as usual :) though my thought process differs from opinions mentioned there.
I think at any point of time, one should look at a company with fresh point of view irrespective of its history or whether one is already invested and made money out of it. If one is convinced of buying afresh compared to other choices available, then it may be justified. I think there are better risk-reward ratio companies in the market. We just need to look harder. I like a "Magic Formula" (Joel Greenblatt) shortlist to start with or even the worse performing companies in the larger TED list seem to be good to start with. Looking at the TED XI, somehow I feel, being the value investors we are, we need a better list. To me, it appears to be biased towards the return it has already given than a better future risk-reward ratio.
This is not to say that PRIL is a bad choice. I generally discard a company with high pe from further analysis. But given your points, I will take a deeper look. "PRIL being at similar PE for last 3 years", in my opinion, is not a good argument from value perspective.
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Posted By: basant
Date Posted: 08/Nov/2007 at 12:02pm
Agree to your argument but sometiems I let investing be dictated by other reasons like spin offs subsidiary listing etc. Though that is not what Graham must have taught.
I did buy PRIL in the 460's a couple of months back and therefore remain invested in it.
------------- 'The Thoughtful Investor: A Journey to Financial Freedom Through Stock Market Investing' - A Book on Equity Investing especially for Indian Investors. Book your copy now: www.thethoughtfulinvestor.in
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Posted By: tarkeshwar
Date Posted: 08/Nov/2007 at 12:18pm
Right. CAUSEs arising in future leading to EFFECTs on prices are hard to guess. A high pe stock is a larger bet on the CAUSEs to be positive and therefore inherently more risky. Stock prices over long term are slaves of earnings, that we all know. Multiples paid of a decent estimate (say last 3 years of average earning) certainly has to do something with the inherent risk in purchase.
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Posted By: smartcat
Date Posted: 08/Nov/2007 at 12:42pm
A high pe stock is a larger bet on the CAUSEs to be positive and therefore inherently more risky. |
Though it sounds logical, history doesn't seem to indicate this though. Eg: INFY has fallen 30% from it's 52 week high. NOVARTIS has fallen 45% from it's 52 week high. But Of course - one example is not enough - you can always pick another example to suit your statement
And yes - personally, I would think twice before investing fresh money in a large cap stock which trades over 30 P/E. - but there is no real hard statistics to prove that high P/E (30 to 40) stocks are riskier than low P/E (15 to 20) stocks - in the Indian context.
Do we have examples of these role models ever buying a stock with pe > 50? |
All our role models are firangis, and they haven't seen a market like ours!
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Posted By: basant
Date Posted: 08/Nov/2007 at 12:49pm
WHiule your apprensions on a PE are justified what would you tell someone in China earlier this year when their amrket was at 30 times? It is now at 55 times.
Samir Arora has the knack of buying high PE companies and staying with them.
The high PE is never the problem. The problem is the slowdown in earnings growth that high PE companies experience. Most of the time such a slow down is diffuclt to estimate.
I like looking at PE in reklation to the growth or PEG. Even in this case the PE should not be more then 30 times forward earnings.
------------- 'The Thoughtful Investor: A Journey to Financial Freedom Through Stock Market Investing' - A Book on Equity Investing especially for Indian Investors. Book your copy now: www.thethoughtfulinvestor.in
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Posted By: tigershark
Date Posted: 08/Nov/2007 at 1:22pm
tarkeshwar, PE is not the criteria, your ability tp predict whether eps will continue to expand and at what rate or will eps start shrinking is what determines generally an investment descision.so in context to infy for the last oneyear people have been shouting that the dollar is doomed, that us economy is slowing down, that rupee is in a long term secular bull mkt, now in such an economic senario what are the chances that infy eps will continue to expand ata rate that it was expanding and what are the chances that eps will contract?when more poeple think its the latter it does not take long for pe derating to take place,astage will be reached when this pessimism reaches the other extreme there lies the oportunity for the contrarian, mypersonal view is that that day is still a long way off ASOFTWARE CO LETS SAY TRADING ATA PE OF5 AND EXPORTINGTO THE USA IS OBIVIOUSLY NOT THE BEST BUSINESS TO BE IN.
------------- understanding both the power of compound return and the difficulty getting it is the heart and soul of understanding a lot of things
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Posted By: tarkeshwar
Date Posted: 08/Nov/2007 at 1:48pm
No opinion or expertise on China market. The odd figures do surprise when looked back, but I refuse to believe that these are all new times. The sentiments change quite suddenly and without reasons
I think pe ratio does affect investing psyche at individual level too. The central qus is will you be able to hold a high pe stock and maybe even buy more, if it starts falling (possibly with general market) for no change in its fundamentals. I find more confidence with holding low pe stock in such cases than high pe ones other things being same. May differ from person to person. Take example of RPL (with an infinite pe :) rightnow and see how sentiments are changing on various announcements.
Point is that high pe, high peg stocks fall harder when the fail to meet expectations. That is bound to happen sometime for sure, given that high rate growth is not sustainable.
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Posted By: tarkeshwar
Date Posted: 08/Nov/2007 at 2:00pm
Just a general comment - Most of the current software companies in India are just making use of the arbitrage opportunity arising out of the differential between salaries in India and USA. I don't see companies here innovating or building products. As with any arbitrage opportunity, the differential is going to shrink over time, whether it happens through competition (among Indian companies or from other countries), rising rupee, slowdown in US or increase in salaries in India. This is bound to happen.
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Posted By: MPD05
Date Posted: 08/Nov/2007 at 6:28pm
Very interesting discussion.
My own take is that PE can't be evaluated in isolation. It has to be viewed in conjunction with future growth rate and revenue visibility. As Basantji has suggested, PEG ratio is a useful indicator that I myself have used frequently. I remember buying Infy at PEs of 50to 100 (ten years ago) but then it was consitently posting 20 - 25% QOQ growth. Or think of Bharti Airtel or FT a few years ago. Another point to remember while looking at PE is that it does not work well in case of companies that have several distinct businesses. In such cases, I prefer to use sum of parts value analysis instead of looking at the PE. RCAP, MAX, ABN, RIL, PRIL...none of these companies can be analysed just looking at the PE!
An absolute PE criterion works well in case of relatively homogeneous businesses, going through a steady growth phase ( as opposed to super growth).
One last point. Yes, I agree that buying a high PE stock exposes one to the risk that the implied high growth might not happen. However, how is that different from buying a "deep value" stock but the implied value unlocking triggers not materializing? Some thing to ponder over!
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Posted By: smartcat
Date Posted: 08/Nov/2007 at 6:48pm
Technically, you should be able to value almost all stocks on P/E basis. But you should have the divine ability to estimate the future earnings. For example - RPL is trading at a FY10e P/E of 16, RIL is trading at FY11e of 10 etc.
Even if a company has several distinct businesses like RCap or ABN or PRIL, at the end of the day, those businesses are going to generate 'earnings' - otherwise it has no real value. That's why I let the real experts figure out the SOTP value - I simply look at the estimated earnings and how they arrived at those numbers!
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Posted By: leo2007
Date Posted: 25/Sep/2010 at 10:32am
http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/iw/2010/09/26/stories/2010092651161200.htm -
Understanding P/E multiple to invest wisely
http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/iw/2010/09/26/stories/2010092651161200.htm
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Posted By: manish_okhade
Date Posted: 26/Sep/2010 at 12:15pm
If one is interested in investing for high growth PE stocks then one should:
1) must buy a portfolio not a standalone company. It helps to spread out the risk(read speculation for forcasting future growth)
2)Portfolio size should not big, risk spread is handled on the assumtipn that out of 10 stocks 2-3 will give strong results and compensate losses from remaining
3) Selection of companies should be based on businesses which looks scalable as well as uses franchise model
4) MCap is also to be checked for portfolio, they should show the hope for expansion with reasonable estimates
4) Growth rate should not be more than RoE
5) Hold portfolio for min 3-4 years
6) Recheck the story periodically
Above is the summary of Basantji's approach for justifying to buy high PE stocks. Argument is that high PE is definitly risky but above strategy has worked for him in the past so conviction is an individual matter.
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Posted By: manish_okhade
Date Posted: 26/Sep/2010 at 12:27pm
Originally posted by tarkeshwar
Just a general comment - Most of the current software companies in India are just making use of the arbitrage opportunity arising out of the differential between salaries in India and USA. I don't see companies here innovating or building products. As with any arbitrage opportunity, the differential is going to shrink over time, whether it happens through competition (among Indian companies or from other countries), rising rupee, slowdown in US or increase in salaries in India. This is bound to happen.
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Here is my observation on this comment:
1) IT story is started by few firstcomers and they noted significant growth in initial phase due to cheap talaent availability and cost arbitrage
2)In 2nd phase, many others noticed this phenomenon and strted opening their own shops thus competitions comes into picture.
3) In 3rd phase competition led to salary hikes for talent poaching and salaries are still lower than US but reducing the cost arbitrage.
Now IT space is crowded and lost the purchasing power due to competition. All players can not continue to pay high salary and at the same time demand higher billing rates from customer. This will eventually lead to consolidation or many small players will be wiped out from the market. All big players have enough cash to buy small players and buying opportunity is good for them because it comes with new customer base.
Second possibility is the migration of work to new geos where cost arbitrage is still better than india but i am seeing there are issues like availability of abundant talent, process awareness etc. Hence above 1st possibility is very likely.
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Posted By: go4sheel
Date Posted: 26/Sep/2010 at 2:20am
Posted By: khokhadream
Date Posted: 27/Sep/2010 at 12:30pm
Originally posted by manish_okhade
Originally posted by tarkeshwar
Just a general comment - Most of the current software companies in India are just making use of the arbitrage opportunity arising out of the differential between salaries in India and USA. I don't see companies here innovating or building products. As with any arbitrage opportunity, the differential is going to shrink over time, whether it happens through competition (among Indian companies or from other countries), rising rupee, slowdown in US or increase in salaries in India. This is bound to happen. |
Here is my observation on this comment:
1) IT story is started by few firstcomers and they noted significant growth in initial phase due to cheap talaent availability and cost arbitrage
2)In 2nd phase, many others noticed this phenomenon and strted opening their own shops thus competitions comes into picture.
3) In 3rd phase competition led to salary hikes for talent poaching and salaries are still lower than US but reducing the cost arbitrage.
Now IT space is crowded and lost the purchasing power due to competition. All players can not continue to pay high salary and at the same time demand higher billing rates from customer. This will eventually lead to consolidation or many small players will be wiped out from the market. All big players have enough cash to buy small players and buying opportunity is good for them because it comes with new customer base.
Second possibility is the migration of work to new geos where cost arbitrage is still better than india but i am seeing there are issues like availability of abundant talent, process awareness etc. Hence above 1st possibility is very likely.
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Just want to add something related to competition.
I am in U.S for about 5 years and have worked in about 6 different companies during that period.
I have noticed that indian and chinese engineers make up for around 60% of total on an average in the companies where I worked, Inspite of the fact that they are minority here. As of now I am not able to find a single Engineer from Latin America and border country Mexico despite the fact that their population in US is many time more than Indians.
So who is going to compete. Only competition I see is china but the market is so big that both will eat the fruits luxuriously.
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Posted By: go4sheel
Date Posted: 27/Sep/2010 at 1:17pm
Why should growth rate not be more than ROE?
is it because the ROE will come down then...?
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Posted By: vijayM
Date Posted: 27/Sep/2010 at 2:17pm
Originally posted by go4sheel
Why should growth rate not be more than ROE?
is it because the ROE will come down then...? |
explore this thread (start from page-1):
http://www.theequitydesk.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=119 - http://www.theequitydesk.com/forum/forum_posts.asp?TID=119
------------- If a business does well, the stock eventually follows:Warren Buffett
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